David Oks (Substack) 2026-03-15-2
Why ATMs Didn't Kill Bank Teller Jobs, but the iPhone Did
Task automation within existing paradigms preserves labor; paradigm replacement eliminates it. ATM teller employment collapsed post-2010, but not from ATMs: mobile banking made branches irrelevant, and the "technology doesn't kill jobs" parable died with them. The AI version of this distinction is already playing out at Klarna, but most displacement forecasts still model the drop-in remote worker, not the fully-automated firm.